El pésimo salario mínimo mexicano de 2018

1: Salario mínimo diario real 2007-17 en pesos de 2010. Fuente: Informe 2018 Observatorio de Salarios de la UIA.

 

Alejandro Valle Baeza

El Informe 2018¹ del Observatorio de Salarios de la Universidad Ibero Americana (UIA) afirma que el salario mínimo ha permanecido estancado entre 2007 y 2018; aún cuando se dieron dos aumentos considerables en 2017², si se toma en cuenta el aumento de precios de los productos de la canasta básica.

La gráfica anterior es un tanto ambigüa pues el año de 2018 no ha concluido y no se aclara eso en el informe. No obstante parece que esa afirmación es correcta pues coincide, en términos generales, con lo mostrado por la Organización
internacional del trabajo en su Panorama Laboral 2017 de América Latina y el Caribe.

Según el observatorio sobre salarios el salario mínimo mexicano en los primeros meses de 2018 era de 59.38 pesos de 2010 y en 2007 de 59.13³,
es decir sin cambio significativo en diez años.

2: Incremento acumulado del salario mínimo real 2005-2015

Según el Panorama Laboral 2017 el salario mínimo real mexicano se había incrementado 3 % entre 2005 y 2015, usando el índice de precios al consumidor que como muestra el Observatorio ha crecido menos que los precios de la canasta básica. De todos modos 3 por ciento es muy poco si se considera que la productividad aumentó durante ese
período y además los trabajadores con salarios cercanos al mínimo gastan en productos básicos y no en los de la canasta promedio.
Contrástese, por ejemplo, México con Uruguay donde el salario mínimo real aumentó 107% en el mismo período.

México, a pesar de ser un país de los de mayor ingreso per cápita en América Latina muestra uno de los peores desempeños en aumento salarial. Además tiene el peor
nivel de salario mínimo de los países de AL si se considera la línea de pobreza:

3: América Latina: relación del salario mínimo con la línea de pobreza por persona según país. 2005-2014

El salario mínimo en México es cercano al 70% de la línea de pobreza; todos los demás considerados por la OIT están por encima de sus respectivas líneas de pobreza.
Esto es el resultado de las acciones de las empresas asentadas en México y de los gobiernos que desde hace 30 años, PRI y PAN, establecen las políticas salariales.

Lea más: Salario mínimo en México aumento de 10% que se presenta como 3.9%

1En el informe se“documenta la precariedad en las condiciones laborales de la población trabajadora con énfasis en la población joven entre 15-29 años de edad.” pag. 3

2Ver Salario mínimo en México aumento de 10% que se presenta como 3.9%

3Con pesos reales de 2010 se quiere decir, por ejemplo, que el salario nominal de 2018 puede comprar las mismas mercancías y servicios que un salario de 59.38 pesos en 2010

 

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US Wage Stagnation in Nine Charts

 

Wages Incomes and Wealth

 By Lawrence Mishel, Elise Gould, and Josh Bivens | January 6, 2015

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Our country has suffered from rising income inequality and chronically slow growth in the living standards of low- and moderate-income Americans. This disappointing living-standards growth—which was in fact caused by rising income inequality—preceded the Great Recession and continues to this day. Fortunately, income inequality and middle-class living standards are now squarely on the political agenda. But despite their increasing salience, these issues are too often discussed in abstract terms. Ignored is the easy-to-understand root of rising income inequality, slow living-standards growth, and a host of other key economic challenges: the near stagnation of hourly wage growth for the vast majority of American workers over the past generation. Countering that by generating broad-based wage growth is our core economic policy challenge.

With a group of simple charts, this paper brings the challenge we face into sharp focus, and lends clarity to the steps we must take to meet it.

It should not be surprising that trends in hourly wage growth have profound consequences for American living standards. After all, the vast majority of Americans rely on their paychecks to make ends meet. For these families, the bulk of income comes from wages and employer-provided benefits, followed by other income sources linked to jobs, such as wage-based tax credits, pensions, and social insurance. Wage-related income also accounts for the majority of total income among the bottom fifth of households.

Walmart Cut Employee Hours So Drastically They Can’t Keep Shelves Stocked, Losing Customers

Think Progress / By Aviva Shen

Amid plunging sales and massive strikes, even Walmart has conceded it can’t run a business on a skeleton crew.

Customers shop at a Walmart Neighborhood Market store in Chicago, Illinois. US retail sales edged higher in August at a weaker than expected pace, led by auto and home furnishing sales, official data released Friday showed.

September 24, 2013  |

After cutting employees’ hours so deeply that stores could not keep their shelves stocked, Walmart is  adding more full-time workers in time for the holiday shopping season. The retail giant has been  shedding customersrecently due to disorganized stores and empty shelves.